Information, geometry, and pricing

Three papers. One geometric language for financial dependence.

Probability-valued firm information is used to study asset co-movement, construct interaction fields, and certify portfolio diversification.

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Papers
03
Progression
Pair → field → portfolio
Representation
Firm as probability law
separation
reconstruction
dispersion

Observable information → geometric structure → financial restriction

As appearing in

A second-order use of rich representation

Language models can place heterogeneous documents in a common space. The next question is not only whether those representations predict a scalar outcome, but what mathematical structure they can provide for co-movement, peer interaction, and portfolio risk.

The three papers retain each firm's collection of article representations as a probability distribution. Transport geometry then plays three distinct roles: comparing two distributions, reconstructing a fixed target from several aligned peers, and aggregating dispersion under one coherent multi-firm law.

Read the blog post

One programme, three levels

  1. Pair. Distributional separation describes how different two firms' information footprints are.
  2. Field. Target-anchored reconstruction asks which combination of peers jointly represents a firm.
  3. Portfolio. Coherent multi-firm dispersion describes how much common alignment remains possible when assets are held together.

The papers

Separation, reconstruction, dispersion.

Each paper changes which object is held fixed and which object is allowed to vary.

Animated companion

See the mathematical objects move.

A narrated animation of the programme.

Narrated video · 05:40

A visual guide to the geometry

The video moves from firms as probability distributions to couplings, covariance envelopes, target-anchored reconstruction, coherent multi-firm dispersion, and portfolio risk certificates.

  1. 01 Distribution-valued firms and optimal transport
  2. 02 Covariance restriction and transmission slack
  3. 03 Directed interaction fields and spatial closure
  4. 04 Coherent portfolio dispersion and certification

Podcast explainer

Hear the research in conversation.

A NotebookLM-generated podcast-style explainer of firms as news and probability distributions.

Firms as news: probability distributions

NotebookLM-generated podcast · 36:11

Download WebM

Interactive companion

Shape the distributions yourself.

A browser-native notebook where the W₂ separation you dial in caps how much the returns can co-move.

Shape the laws, watch the ceiling move

Runs in your browser · ~30s to start

Open on Hugging Face

Researchers

Marcus Gawronsky and Chun-Sung Huang.

The research programme combines probability-valued representations, optimal transport, Hilbert-space geometry, spatial econometrics, portfolio theory, and reproducible computational methods.

Work timeline

From language models to distributional geometry.

  1. 2019Origin

    Word2Risk

    Initial work on translating words into risk representations.

    View Word2Risk
  2. 2022Proposal

    Initial research proposal

    The programme takes shape around firm information, geometry, and pricing.

  3. 2024Pre-print

    Initial paper pre-print

    The first manuscript develops distributional geometry for systematic covariance.

    Read the pre-print
  4. 2025Conference

    World Finance Conference

    The work reaches its first conference proceeding in Malta.

    World Finance Conference

Associate Professor

Chun-Sung Huang

Department of Finance and Tax · University of Cape Town

Research in quantitative finance, financial econometrics, computational finance, stochastic processes, and financial risk management.